Contiguity Principle- This is a two part principle. The first portion relates to text and graphics. When using text and graphics together they should appear in a synchronized form to demonstrate their relevance to one another (Clark & Mayer, 2008).
Segmentation- Breaking ideas into smaller parts that are easy to take in a piece at a time. Also consider using steps or bullets to make the text small chunks (Clark & Mayer, 2008).
Personalization- Make the text personal by revealing personal opinions or ideas. This is called being a visible author (Clark & Mayer, 2008).
Multimedia Principle- This principle is best used with novice learners. The principle explains that new information is best presented in graphic and text because it allows the learners to get the information through multiple representations. This helps the brain organize the information into usable pieces (Clark & Mayer, 2008).
Pretraining- Pretraining is the part of the lesson that builds the necessary background knowledge so that learners have a bass to develop from. Including multimedia into this part of a lesson in e-learning will not only prepare learners for what is to come, but it will engage them and make them part of the learning process (Clark & Mayer, 2008).
Reference:
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2008). E-learning and the science of instruction. Proven guidelines for consumer and designers of multimedia learning, second edition. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.
Reference:
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2008). E-learning and the science of instruction. Proven guidelines for consumer and designers of multimedia learning, second edition. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.